Glass Ionomer cement systems have become important dental restorative and luting materials for use in preschoolers, children. These materials form chemical bonds to the tooth structure and are biocompatible, release fluoride ions for uptake by enamel and dentin, and are able to take up fluoride ions from dentifrices, mouthwashes, and topically applied solutions. Hence they gradually develop a strong, durable interfacial ion-exchange layer at the interface with the tooth, Unlike early glass ionomers, the new cement systems are easy and practical to use. Resin-modified glass ionomer cements not only have improved physical characteristics, but also reduces initial hardening time substantially. This article reviews the glass polyalkenoate cement system and exclusively its role in pediatric dentistry.