Anesthesia practice requires a profound understanding of intraoperative monitoring techniques to ensure patient safety during surgery. This study evaluates the awareness and proficiency of Resident Anesthetists in Himachal Pradesh, India, regarding key monitoring parameters, including electrocardiography (ECG), blood pressure, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2). Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving 100 Junior and Senior Residents of Anesthesia from Himachal Pradesh was conducted between April and June 2023. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their knowledge of intraoperative monitoring techniques. Data were analyzed for frequencies and percentages. Results: The study revealed varying levels of knowledge among participants. While 87% understood the purpose of intraoperative monitoring, 76% could explain the significance of continuous ECG monitoring. Approximately 74% recognized the importance of blood pressure monitoring, and 79% understood the significance of SpO2 monitoring. In contrast, only 56% were knowledgeable about ETCO2, and 55% could interpret ETCO2 waveforms. Communication and collaboration were recognized as crucial by 61% of participants. Overall, 23% had very good knowledge, 32% had good knowledge, 24% had fair knowledge, and 21% had poor knowledge of intraoperative monitoring techniques. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for ongoing education and training among Resident Anesthetists in Himachal Pradesh to enhance their proficiency in intraoperative monitoring. Improved knowledge in key areas such as ECG interpretation, ETCO2 monitoring, and effective communication can contribute to safer anesthesia practice and better patient outcomes.