Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation was introduced in 1960 Cardio means “of the heart” and pulmonary means “of the lungs”. Resuscitation is a medical word that means “to revive” or bring back to life. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation is the first treatment for a person who has collapsed, has no pulse, and has stopped breathing. Effective Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation enables enough oxygen to reach the brain to delay brain death, and allows the heart to remain responsive to defibrillation attempts.

Cardiac arrest in pregnancy is one of the most difficult clinical situations. Although most features of resuscitating a pregnant woman are similar to standard adult resuscitation, several aspects and considerations are different. The most clearly difference is that there are 2 patients, mother as well as the fetus. Care provider must have a thorough knowledge of maternal mortality to prevent and treat cardiac arrest in pregnancy [1].

The management of cardiac arrest in the pregnancy is considering a skill full task in emergency department as well as in delivery room, a nurse should be skill full and expert to perform Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation on pregnant women following general advanced cardiac life support guideline [2]. 

Objectives of the Study

• To assess the pre-test existing knowledge regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women among Registered Nurses Working in Selected Hospitals of Shimla (H.P)

• To prepare and administer video assisted teaching on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women among Registered Nurses Working in Selected Hospitals of Shimla (H.P)

• To evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women among Registered Nurses Working in Selected Hospitals of Shimla (H.P)

• To find out the association between pretest knowledge score and posttest knowledge score with selected demographic variables

• Research Approach: Quantitative

• Research Design: “Pre-Experimental design”, using one group pre-test post-test

• Research Setting: Selected hospitals of Shimla

• Research Sample: The sample for the present study were registered nurses. The sample size for the present study consists of 60 registered Nurses’ of selected Hospital of Shimla (H.P)

• Sampling Technique: Sampling techniques adopted for the study is “convenient sampling technique”. Who draw the sample from the target population

• Sampling Criteria: Registered nurses who were meet the inclusive criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Registered nurses who were be working in selected Hospital of Shimla (H.P)

• Register nurses who were be willing to participate

• Registered nurses who were be available at the time of data collection

Exclusive Criteria

• Registered nurses who were not working selected Hospital of Shimla (H.P)

• Registered nurses who were not willing to participate

• Registered nurses who were not available at the time of data collection

Development and Description of Tool

Data Collection Tool

• Socio demographic questionnaire was developed to collect the data

• Self-Structure knowledge questionnaire was developed to assess knowledge regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation on pregnant women

Description of Tool

A self-structured knowledge questionnaire was constructed to assess the knowledge related to cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women among registered nurses. The tool was developed after extensive review of literature, expert’s opinion and researchers own experience to increase the knowledge of registered nurses regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women. The self-structured tool is divided into two parts [3]:

• Section A: Socio-demographic variables

• Section B: Self structured Knowledge Questionnaire

Section A

This part consist of personal information such as Age, Academic education, Professional Education, Institution for Professional education, Total working experience, Experience in obstetrical area, Working area (present), previous knowledge regarding CPR in pregnant women, if yes specify the source of information [4].

Section B

This part consists of self-structured questionnaire related to cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women which consists of 30 items. This tool consists of multiple choice questions regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women. Each question has various options out of which one is correct.

Content Validation of Tool

The content validity of the tool was determined by various expert’s opinion and suggestions on relevance items [5-7].

Data Collection Procedure

• Formal approval and permission was taken from concerned authority prior to the study

• About 60 registered nurses were approached after obtaining permission from the research committee of I.G.M.C.H, Shimla

• Convenient sampling method was used to identify the sample and the purpose of research was explained

• Purpose of the study was explained to the study subjects

• Written consent was taken from study subjects

The data has been organized and represented under following sections:

• Section-1: Finding related to frequency and percentage distribution of demographic variable (registered nurses) knowledge on cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women

• Section-2: Findings related to pre-test knowledge scores of registered nurses regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women

• Section-3: Findings related to post-test knowledge scores of registered nurses regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women

• Section-4: Findings related to effectiveness of video assisted teaching regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women

• Section-5: Findings related to association of knowledge scores with selected demographic variables

Section-1

Finding related to frequency and percentage distribution of demographic variable (registered nurses) knowledge on cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women.

Table 1 depicts-Majority of the registered nurses (36.7%) were from the age group of 25-30 years. Majority of registered nurses academic education 46.7% were done +2 with arts. Majority of registered nurses professional education 68.3% were done GNM. Majority of the registered nurses 53.3% professional education done from government institute. Majority of registered nurse have 41.7% were <5 years working experience. Majority of registered nurses 51.7% were <5 years working experience in obstetrical area. Majority of registered nurses 45% working area were from other department. Majority of registered nurses (80%) were not aware of this concept. Majority of registered nurses (6.7%) were attended other program.

Table 1: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Socio- Demographic Variables (n = 60)

Section-2

Findings related to pre-test knowledge scores of registered nurses regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women.

Table 2 depict that in pretest knowledge score 4(6.7%) of registered nurses had inadequate knowledge (0-10) regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women, whereas 53(88.3%) of registered nurses had moderate knowledge (11-20) and 3(5%) of registered nurses had adequate knowledge (21-30) regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women. Hence, majority of registered nurses 53(88.3%) had moderate knowledge.

Table 2:  Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Pre-Test Knowledge Score of Registered Nurses according to Level of Knowledge Regarding Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation in Pregnant Women (n = 60)

Section-3

Findings related to post-test knowledge scores of registered nurses regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women.

Table 3 depict that in posttest knowledge score, 15 (25%) registered nurse moderate knowledge, 45 (75%) had adequate knowledge, and 0(0%) had inadequate knowledge. Thus it is concluded that there is increase in the knowledge scores of in the post-test.

Table 3: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Post-Test Knowledge Score of Registered Nurses according to Their Level of Knowledge Regarding Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation in Pregnant Women (n = 60)

Section-4

Findings related to effectiveness of video assisted teaching regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women.

Table 4 depicts that pre-test mean was 15.03, standard deviation was 3.395, mean percentage was 50.10% and in post-test mean was 22.1, standard deviation was 2.729, mean percentage was 72.50% and mean difference was 9.770. 

Table 4: Descriptive Statistics of Difference between Pre-Test and Post-Test Knowledge Score, Mean Value and Standard Deviation, Mean Percentage, Range, Mean Difference, Paired T-Test, p-Value of Samples (n = 60)

* Significance Level at p≥0.05 

The mean post-test score (22.1) was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (15.03). The calculated ‘t’ value (14.776) was greater than the table value (t = 2.00) at 0.05 level of significance.

Hence H₁ was accepted, it can be inferred that the video assisted teaching was effective.

Section-5

Findings related to association of knowledge scores with selected demographic variables.

Findings of the Study

• Chi-square values are less than the table value 0.05 level of significance. There is no significance association between the levels of pre- test score with selected demographic variables

• Chi-square values are less than the table value 0.05 level of significance. There is no significance association between the levels of post- test score with selected demographic variables

The knowledge of registered nurses was not appropriate before administration of video assisted Teaching but after administration of video assisted teaching the knowledge of registered nurses increased gradually which means that the intervention given to the registered nurses was effective. The study concluded that the knowledge of registered nurses regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women can be increased by ongoing teaching programmes to registered nurses in hospital.

Ethical Approval

Official approval from the ethical and research committee of Sister Nivedita Govt. Nursing College Shimla and ethical committee of IGMC was taken to conduct the research study.

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2. Devi, C.S. et al. “Effectiveness of skill training programme on CPR among adolescents in selected colleges, Guwahati.” Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, vol. 3, no. 2, 2017, pp. 20–24.

3. Naidoo, D.P. et al. “Maternal deaths due to pre-existing cardiac disease.” Cardiovascular Journal of Science in Africa, vol. 13, 2002, pp. 17–20.

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7. Shahrakivahed, A. et al. “The Effect of CPR workshop on the nurses’ level of knowledge and skill.” International Archives of Medicine, vol. 8, 2015. http://imed.pub/ojs/index.php/iam/article/view/1292