The development of the game of futsal from its first inception until now has been a rapid and remarkable development and the number of countries organizing the races of this game within the International Football Association has increased, as well as the number of practitioners of this mini team game, Futsal football is one of the popular and collective games that has taken the lead in terms of its spread at the global level as global, Asian, Arab, local and popular tournaments for all age groups and for both sexes. To develop this game, aids must be used that raise the physical and skill capabilities that bring the game of futsal to the higher levels. 

And the game of futsal football is characterized as having many characteristics and physical abilities, especially the abilities of explosive power and agility, depending on the skills that need this type of physical performance. We find that the skills of short handling and running with the ball in their performance need those two abilities.

Strength and agility are of great importance in determining the level of athletic achievement for most sports and have a significant impact on the rest of physical abilities, as well as their importance in preventing injuries to athletes while performing muscular work and skills.

According to the foregoing, the importance of the research lies in knowing the effect of exercises using auxiliary tools to develop some physical aspects and my running skills with the ball and the accuracy of short handling in the game of futsal.

Research Problem

Through the researcher’s observation of the futsal players, he noticed a low level of physical preparation, especially for my explosive power and agility, through the apparent slowness of the counter-attack after the ball was interrupted and the ball’s handling to the colleague correctly, as well as the player’s inability to pass the opponent correctly when receiving the ball and therefore these two abilities led to a weakness in my running skills with the ball, as well as the skill of short handling accuracy.

Therefore, the researcher decided on the necessity of using some auxiliary tools in developing some of the physical aspects and my skills of running with the ball and the accuracy of short handling for the futsal players.

The Aim of the Research

Knowing the effect of exercises using auxiliary tools to develop some physical aspects, my running skills with the ball and the accuracy of short handling for futsal players.

Imposing Search

There are statistically significant differences between the tribal and remote tests in the research variables for the futsal players.

Areas of Research

The Human Field

The team of the University of Anbar for the academic year 2019-2020.

The Spatial Domain

The stadium of the sports activities hall at the University of Anbar.

The Time Field

From 23/7/2021 to 3/12/2021.

Research Methodology

The researchers used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research. The experimental approach is "the method that depends on inductive and deductive reasoning and uses methods of scientific observation, imposing hypotheses and experiment to solve a specific problem and reach the conclusion.

The Research Sample

The research sample included a group of Anbar University team players for the academic year 2020-2021 in futsal, which numbered (20) players and were chosen in a deliberate way. They were divided into experimental and control by (10) players for each group by lottery.

Equipment and Tools Used

In Order to Achieve the Tests, The Researcher Used the Following Devices and Tools:

• 15legal footballs

• Medicine balls of different weights (10).

• Futsal football field

• Signs and contraindications

• Play and exercise jerseys

• Whistle number (2).

• Terraces of different heights

• Rubber ropes (10).

• Two (2) electronic stopwatches, type (Diamond)

• Metric tape measure

• Adhesive tape for planning and defining the test areas

• Foot-resting weights of (1) kg

• Weight jacket

• LG type calculator

• Boxes of different sizes

Means of Collecting Information

• Arab and foreign books and sources

• The Internet, the international information network

• Observation and experimentation

• Software and applications used in the computer

• Measurements and tests

• Data collection form

• Data dump form

• Auxiliary staff

Exploratory Experience

In order to give a clear and accurate picture of the vocabulary of the tests used to serve the proposed curriculum. After defining the research sample and determining the physical tests, the researcher conducted a reconnaissance experiment on a sample of Anbar University’s football team players who were not from the main research sample and then they were excluded from the research sample and with the help of the assistant work team, The experiment was implemented on 10/8/2021 on Tuesday, The purpose of the exploratory experiment was to identify the factors that may affect the conduct of the test.

The aim of the pilot experiment was the following:

• Knowing the validity of the equipment and tools used in the test

• Verify the suitability of the tests for the sample members and the ease of their application

• The appropriateness and appropriateness of the order of performance of the tests concerned with the research

• Addressing all errors that may occur in the tests

• Verifying the understanding and efficiency of the work team in conducting measurements and tests and recording the results

• Knowing the time required to carry out the test

• Check the suitability of the place

• Access to knowledge of the necessary alternatives before carrying out the tribal tests

Tests Used

• The researcher used the following tests

• Explosive force test. (Wide jump test of stability)

• Agility test. (Test of running zigzag between 4 poles (multi-directional run)

• Handling accuracy test. (Back-handling test)

• Running test with the ball (zigzag running with the ball)

Experimental Preparation

The researcher prepared an experimental approach for the research sample on the basis of the exploratory experience that he carried out, taking into account the available capabilities and the level of the research sample based on the scientific training basis.

The proposed training curriculum included the following:

• Exercises to develop the basic skills of short handling and ball rolling

• Exercises to develop physical abilities, explosive strength and agility

• The duration of the training curriculum in weeks (12) weeks

• The sample members were trained twice a week on the training curriculum. training units, which are (Thursday – Saturday)

• The total number of training units is (24) training units at a rate of (40-60) minutes for the main part of the training unit

• The researcher did not interfere with the implementation of the warm-up period and the schematic preparation of the main part, as well as the closing part, where the team coach undertakes the implementation of this

• The training curriculum included the stage of physical preparation for the. physical and skill abilities of the main part only

• In determining the rest periods between exercises, the researcher relied that the period should be sufficient to restore the normal functional state

• The explosive strength of the muscles of the legs was developed using the man's weight exercises

• Fitness was developed by using chest weight exercises

• Using a medicine ball with different weights (1 kg - 2 kg - 3 kg) noting the rapid performance of the explosive power of the hit

• Using the method of deep jumping (both legs together) with body weight only

• The researcher in developing agility relied on the performance of the speed of motor performance with the ball and in the presence of auxiliary tools (signs), which appear through their distinct rhythms in terms of speed of performance with the ball

Tribal Tests

The researcher conducted the tribal tests on Sunday 5/8 /2021 in the stadium of the Sports Activity Hall/University of Anbar. The day of the physical tests and the day of the skill tests for the control and experimental groups.

The Main Experience

The researcher implemented the experimental method on the experimental research sample, starting from the first unit on the day Thursday of 9/8/2021. And for the end of the twenty-fourth training unit.

Post Tests

After the vocabulary of the training curriculum has been applied. The post-tests of the research sample (experimental and control) were conducted on the corresponding day Saturday 23/10/ 2021 in the Sports Activities Hall/University of Anbar under conditions similar to the method of conducting tribal tests in terms of test atmosphere, test location and tools used in the test.

Statistical Means

• The researcher used the following statistical methods

• Arithmetic mean

• Test (T) for correlated samples

• T-test for unrelated samples

It is clear from Table1, the arithmetic deviations differences. Where the arithmetic mean of the explosive power was 1.86 and the standard deviation 0.90 and the calculated T value reached 6.64, which is greater than the tabular T value, which is significant, while the arithmetic mean of agility reached 1.5 with a standard deviation of 0.75, where the calculated value of t was 6.60, which is greater than the tabular value of t, which is significant, while the arithmetic mean of running with the ball was 0.84 and with a standard deviation of 0.30. Where the calculated value of (t) was 0.93 which is smaller than the tabular value of (t), which is significant, while the arithmetic means of the handling amounted to 1.95 and with a standard deviation of 0.80, where the calculated value of (t) reached (7, 8), it is greater than the tabular value of (T), it is significant [1].

The tabular value of (T) is 2.26 in front of the degree of freedom 10-1 = 9 and below the level of significance (0.05). It is clear from Table 2, the differences of arithmetic deviations. Where the arithmetic mean of the explosive power reached 1.37 and the standard deviation 0.85 and the calculated (T) value reached 5.26, which is greater than the tabular (T) value, which is significant, while the arithmetic mean of agility reached 1.2 and with a standard deviation of 0.75, where the calculated value of (T) was 5.21, which is greater than the table (T) value, which is significant, while the arithmetic mean of running with the ball was 0.90 and with a standard deviation of 0.70. Where the calculated (T) value amounted to 4.09, it is greater than the tabular (T) value, which is significant, While the arithmetic means of the handling amounted to 1.60 and with a standard deviation of 0.80, where the calculated value of (t) reached 6.4, which is greater than the value of (t) tabular, which is significant Table 2 [2].

It is clear from Table 3, that the dimensional mean of the experimental group for the explosive power test reached 22, 38 with a standard deviation of 3.98, either the dimensional mean of the control group for the explosive power test reached 32.98 with a standard deviation of 35.3. The calculated (t) value was 3.8, which is greater than the tabular (t) value of 2.26 under the significance level 0.05 and with a degree of freedom 9. This indicates the existence of a significant difference for the post-test in favor of the experimental group [3].

As for agility, Table 3, shows that the dimensional mean of the experimental group for the agility test was 3.30 with a standard deviation of 1.20, while the dimensional mean of the control group for the agility test was 5.2 with a standard deviation 0.85 and the value of (t) Calculated 3.5, which is greater than the tabular value (t) of 26, 2 under the significance level 05, 0 and with a degree of freedom 9. This indicates that there is a significant difference for the post-test in favor of the experimental group [4]. 

Table 1: Shows The Arithmetic Mean of The Differences, The Standard Deviation, The Calculated (T) Value and the Significance of the Experimental Research Group

Table (T) value (2.26) in front of the degree of freedom (10-1 = 9) and below the level of significance. (0.05)

Table 2: Shows The Arithmetic Means of the Differences, The Standard Deviation, The Calculated (T) Value and the Significance of the Control Group

Table 3: Shows The Arithmetic Mean, Standard Deviation and the Calculated (T) Value for the Control and Experimental Groups for the Post-Tests

Table (T) value (2.26) in front of the degree of freedom (10-1 = 9) and below the level of significance (0.05)

As for the running test with the ball, Table 3, shows that the dimensional mean of the experimental group was 91,4 with a standard deviation of 0,55, while the dimensional mean of the control group for the test Running with the ball reached 77, 5 with a standard deviation of The calculated t value was 77, 2 which is greater than the tabular t value 26,2 under the significance level 0.05 and with a degree of freedom 9. This indicates that there is a significant difference for the post-test in favor of the experimental group. As for the ball handling test, Table 3 shows that the dimensional arithmetic mean of the experimental group was 6,20 with a standard deviation of 1,23, while the dimensional arithmetic mean of the control group for the test The handling of the ball reached 5, 18 with a standard deviation of 0,95 and the calculated t value reached 2, 4 which is greater than the tabular value t 26, 2 under the significance level 05, 0 and with a degree of freedom 9 . This indicates that there is a significant difference for the post-test in favor of the experimental group. (36,0)

Through Table 3, we find that there has been a difference between the post-tests of the experimental and control groups in the players' abilities in physical performance and skill performance [1,2]. The results of the wide jump test of stability for the experimental and control group showed that there were significant statistically significant differences in the post test and in favor of the experimental group. Also, using plyometric exercises Which led to the development of explosive power with a relative difference better than the control group as well as the relative development due to the group of horizontal jump exercises with weight in the training curriculum [5].

This is confirmed by (Hamad Hassan Allawi and Abu Al-Ela Ahmed) that “the muscular ability to stretch contributes to increasing the speed of motor performance of the exercises used as well as emphasizing the performance of exercises intended for the training curriculum to develop explosive power at the highest speed and strength and this is what stimulates the nervous system to perform The fast [6], states that “strength training requires a high speed during exercises in order to obtain better motor performance during competition Therefore, the researcher confirms that the correct performance of plyometric exercises, which is preceded by the performance of good warm-up exercises It is sufficient for the research sample. This is confirmed by [7], that “the correct and safe performance of the plyometrics improves the athlete’s performance Because explosive force training is linked to accuracy, smoothness, timing and compatibility of movements, so these exercises have reflected in the player’s ability to relax and his sense of directions and distances required when performing football skills (handling skill, running with the ball), that is, they gave players the ability to flow, compatibility and relaxation during performance .As the development of the explosive force will have a clear impact on the development of the level of performance of the handling skill. Choosing the appropriate exercises enables the coach to develop physical qualities and at the same time works on the player's mastery of skills and that "the player needs to be at a good level of the rapid and explosive muscular strength necessary for this performance and for success in the motor duty.

As for agility, the test results showed that there were significant significant differences in the post-test in favor of the experimental group. This relative development in agility, the researcher attributes to the fact that the physical exercises for agility that the researcher used are not traditional and repetitive as exercises of the control group, but there was a change, diversification and renewal of the quality of exercises used in the training unit, as well as the use of auxiliary tools in developing that physical quality among the players of the experimental group, so he knows it “as the player’s ability to perform football effectively The variety, whether small or large, in different directions in a quick and sudden way, with the ability to change direction quickly and stop suddenly, using the ball or any training tool or without the ball as well.” And we see that agility in football means the player’s ability to change the direction of the ball and succeed in applying Another movement with another technique. The importance of agility in the game of football while trying to succeed shows great motor skills in one coordination and performance of movements [8].

Under different, changing and varying conditions, with a great deal of accuracy by performing deception and evasion movements and performing different skills.

As for running with the ball, the results showed that there were significant statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group. The researcher attributes this development in the selected skills to the skill exercises that were included in the planning for the use of auxiliary tools in the training curriculum, both in terms of diversity using those tools as well as in terms of time allocated Through the continuity of its performance in all training units until the end of the curriculum and for a large number of repetitions, the researcher also attributes the development In these skills, it is necessary to receive auxiliary tools such as passing on wooden benches or walls, using weights of different weights and sizes, direct and continuous passing to a colleague etc [9].

When developing the exercises used, the researchers took into account the use of the correct scientific gradation in the training process, from easy to more difficult and from simple to complex. Which led to an increase in the confidence of the players and generated them with the desire to train and pushed them to perform the exercises seriously and quickly and this was reflected in the speed of their mastery of skills and their superiority over their peers in the control group, where the daily training unit worked to bring the players to the degree of mastery in skills, so these skills take a premium Lots of training unit time Basic football skills constitute an important aspect of the daily training unit, based on the principle that basic skills are the basis of the game of football, if the player without them cannot carry out the tactical duties assigned to him. What is required is that the most important duties of training are to work to bring the players to the highest level of training status. The player’s mastery of the basic skills pushes him to practice and to play with greater enthusiasm and to reach the highest technical levels and be a trump card in the hands of his coach to implement his ideas and plans during official competitions and points out that “the complete mastery of skills in that it is the ultimate goal of the skill preparation process is based on it. Reaching the highest levels of sports, whatever the level of the physical attributes of the athlete and whatever moral and volitional traits he is characterized by [10], he will not achieve the desired results unless all of this is linked to mastery in sports skills in the type of specialized sports activity in which he specializes The morale of the test obtained by the control group for the basic skills was in the adoption of the curricula by the coach on one style in the development and development of basic skills during the training units, which depends on the various skill exercises selected with the ball, as well as the lack of rationing in the performance of training units on various auxiliary tools When implementing in order to develop the potential of his players and raise their training status, it must reach the outer limits of their physical and skill ability. As the coach can put his players in the program content that suits their skill level and skill level, it largely determines the plans that can be included in the training program [11]. Therefore, the morale of the running ball test confirms that the special exercises contributed to the development of this skill, which are exercises that included running with the ball for different distances and that the running skill is needed by the player from one place to another. It is a basic skill and if the player wants it with a specific tactical aim, it is called evasion and deception or skill. Also, the relative development in the element of agility as a result of the physical counter through training the bug of the skill of running with the ball and short handling and the accompanying change in directions [12]. The researcher believes that planning has taken into account the preparation of skill exercises, especially during the special preparation period in the form of planning positions during the training units so that this fits with the Modern requirements for love from driving the ball and compatibility with it, then starting, turning and changing direction, as well as camouflage and deception movements [13].

As for the morale of the handling test, the researcher attributes the exercises used in the training units, so this skill is one of the most used skills during matches. The team appreciated the good exercises among the players The researchers believe that the things that helped him develop the skill of handling is the development of some physical abilities through physical preparation exercises, such as explosive strength and agility [14], which makes the player perform the skill in the ideal way and confirms both (God’s Inner Command and Booth) by saying, “The football player requires skill performances in all its forms.” During the match, there is a need to have some critical physical and mental abilities, as the physical requirements vary in terms of type, quantity and timing of their exit depending on the quality of each skill and that the player’s lack of possession (junior - advanced) of these physical attributes or his lack of them clearly reflects the skill weakness With regard to rolling and handling, Mukhtar links it to the team’s team play on the basis that “accurate and timely handling is the basis for team play and team play is the real assessment of the team’s ability to perform strong or weak during the match and the ball is transferred between the players from the defensive back areas To the offensive front of the team winning the ball either through handling or by rolling with the ball and preferably handling because “the ball is faster than the player and this means that handling is faster than rolling and that modern play emphasizes fast play whose character is fast handling The handling expresses “the reality of cohesion and linkage between the players in the same team and the evidence of the team’s work as one cooperative group and therefore it should not be underestimated when training and be used intelligently and with a goal. The competitor, these exercises were designed according to the players’ abilities and the repetition of these exercises constantly through the training units. The researcher emphasized the training of rolling and handling football in one training unit, as it represents the basis of team play and a guide to understanding and harmony between the players on the field and the team whose players are not good at mastering the handling between them cannot perform the duties assigned to them on the field. On the contrary, the team finds the player who masters the types of manipulation does not miss many opportunities and this positively affects the game [15-17].

• The researchers concluded that there is a noticeable development in the explosive power of the experimental group over the control group

• The researchers concluded that the experimental group had better development than the control group

• The researchers concluded that running with the ball developed a significant development for the experimental and control groups and in favor of the experimental group

• The researchers concluded that the handling improved significantly for the experimental and control groups and in favor of the experimental group

Recommendations

• The necessity of using aids to develop the physical and skill capabilities of futsal player 

• Working on finding new auxiliary training tools or tools that work on developing the physical and skill capabilities of the futsal players

• The necessity of paying attention to the scientific training curriculum in the training of futsal players

• Conducting similar research and studies on other sporting events

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2. Jaber, Abdel Hamid and Ahmed Khairy. “Methods of Scientific Research in Education and Psychology”. Dar Al-Thikr Press, 1993, p. 135.

3. Al-Hiti, Muwaffaq Asaad Mahmoud. “Tests and Tactics in Football”. Dar Dijla, 2007, pp. 41, 37, 60, 49.

4. Odeh, Ahmed Suleiman and Khalil Youssef Al-Khalili. “Statistics for the Researcher in Human Education”. 2nd ed., Dar Al-Amal, 2000, p. 235.

5. Al-Tikriti, Wadih Yassin and Muhammad Hassan Obaid Al-Obaidi. “Statistical Applications in Computer Use in Physical Education Research”. Dar Al-Kutub, 1999, p. 102. 

6. Allawi, Muhammad Hassan and Abul-Ela Ahmed Abdel-Fattah. “The Physiology of Sports Training”. Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 1984, p. 139.

7. Cliff, James Ed. and Robert FairChances. Plyometrics (Explosive Force Training). Translated by Hussain Ali Al-Ali and Amer Fakher Sharati, Al-Karar Printing Office, 2006, p. 14.

8. Abdel-Fattah, Abu El-Ela Ahmed. “The Plateau of Power and How It Can Be Overcome”. Regional Development Center, 1992, p. 78.

9. Hamid, Kamal Abdel and Muhammad Sobhi Hassanein. “Physical Fitness and Its Components: Theoretical Foundations, Physical Preparation and Measurement Methods”. 3rd ed., Dar Al-Fikr, 1997, p. 84.

10. Mokhtar, Hanafi Mahmoud. “Technical Director of Football”. Al-Kitab Publishing Center, 1998, p. 46.

11. Arqouk, Mutasem. “Modern Trends in Football Training”. 1st ed., General Sports Federation, 1995, p. 93.

12. Lazem, Youssef. “Basic Skills in Football: Education, Training”. Dar Al Khaleej, 1999, p. 16.

13. Allawi, Muhammad Hassan. “The Science of Sports Training. 12th ed., Dar Al-Arif, 1992, p. 257.

14. Hammad, Mufti Ibrahim. “Encyclopedia of Learning and Training in Football: Training Programs Planned for Football Teams”. Al-Kitab Center for Publishing, Vol. 1, 1996, p. 330.

15. Mokhtar, Hanafi Mahmoud. “Foundations of Sports Training Programs”. Dar Zahran, 1989, p. 116.

16. Hammad, Mufti Ibrahim. “Modern Sports Training: Planning, Implementation and Leadership”. Arab Thought House, 1995, p. 12.

17. Al-Basati, Amr Allah and Muhammad Kishk. “The Foundations of Numbers, Skills and Planning in Football (Juniors - Seniors)”. Dar Al-Maaref, 2000, p. 166.