Introduction: Premature newborns with surgical conditions are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to their fragility and the immaturity of their organs. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of surgical conditions in premature infants, to identify them and to assess their morbidity and mortality. Method: This was a retrospective study carried out in the neonatology and pediatric surgery departments of the jeanne ebori foundation mother-child university hospital from January 2019 to October 2020. Results: During the study period, we collected 34 premature infants with surgical conditions. Premature infants accounted for 38, 2% of newborns with a surgical emergency. The prevalence of surgical emergencies in premature infants was 7.3%. The mean gestational age was 33 WA with extremes of 28 and 35+5 days WA. The sex ratio was 1. Digestive pathology represented 88, 2% of emergencies found. Abdominal wall emergencies accounted for 11, 8%. Neurological emergencies accounted for 8, 8%. 58, 8% of premature babies were operated on. The average time to surgical management was 5 days with extremes of 0 and 20 days. The average length of hospital stay was 17, 2 days with extremes of 1 and 69 days. The overall mortality was 50%. Postoperative mortality was 50%. Conclusion: The surgical emergencies of the premature newborn are represented in the foreground by the digestive affections. The improvement in their prognosis depends not only on the early diagnosis and treatment; but also the multidisciplinary collaboration between obstetricians, pediatrics surgeons and the neonatals resuscitators.

Introduction: Urethral mucosal prolapse is the circumferential eversion of the urethral mucosal epithelium through the urethral meatus. The objective of this study was to report the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of urethral prolapse in our setting. Materials and Methods: We present here the experience of the pediatric surgery department at the Jeanne Ebori Foundation Mother and Child University Hospital. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of 7 patients treated for urethral prolapse in our department between 2019 and 2023. Results: The mean age of the patients, all female, was 4.6±2.9 years, with a range of 2 to 11 years. The main reason for consultation was genital bleeding. All patients underwent surgical treatment. Postoperative recovery was uneventful in all cases. Conclusion: Urethral prolapse remains a rare condition in prepubertal girls of black race. Although benign, its initial, often hemorrhagic form can pose a medico-legal problem due to suspicion of rape or sexual assault. Diagnosis is clinical. The outcome of surgical treatment is satisfactying.

Introduction: Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency, a twisting of the spermatic cord leading to acute testicular ischemia, associated with a very high risk of necrosis if treatment is not initiated within 6 hours. The incidence is 1 in 4,000 boys. The clinical presentation is dominated by sudden scrotal pain. Early treatment is essential. We report the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of spermatic cord torsion in the pediatric surgery department of the Libreville Mother and Child University Hospital from January 2019 to October 2022. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, conducted from January 2019 to October 2022, which systematically included all children diagnosed with spermatic cord torsion at the Libreville Mother and Child University Hospital during the study period. Results We collected 13 cases of spermatic cord torsion out of 2950 hospitalizations, representing a frequency of 0.4% of hospitalizations in the department. The mean age was 11.6 years (±4.2). All children presented with testicular pain on clinical examination. Patient management was exclusively surgical. Postoperative outcomes were favorable for 12 of the 13 patients. Conclusion: Spermatic cord torsion is infrequent but nonetheless significant. Its prognosis was improved thanks to rapid intervention in our setting, thus limiting complications.