The purpose of this study was to determine the role of job satisfaction mediation on the effect of compensation on performance. This research uses this type of quantitative research. This research method uses Path Analysis. The population in this study was employees in the office of the inter-village cooperation agency (BKAD) in Jember Regency. The sampling technique in this study used a population of 79 employees. The variables in the study were job satisfaction, compensation and performance.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of job satisfaction mediation on the effect of compensation on performance. This research uses this type of quantitative research. This research method uses Path Analysis. The population in this study was employees in the office of the inter-village cooperation agency (BKAD) in Jember Regency. The sampling technique in this study used a population of 79 employees. The variables in the study were job satisfaction, compensation and performance.

This study took the Business Activity Survey of Processed Agroindustry Products of SMEs in the Covid-19 Era in East Lombok Regency. The research was conducted by taking a sample of 60 MSME business units in the district of East Lombok, especially household processed agro-industry products determined by the Accidental Sampling technique. The purpose of this research is to analyze the production cost and level of expenditure, cost efficiency and added value or Value Added Ratio. Overall, from 60 business units of processed food agroindustry, where the level of business ratio (R/C Ratio) the average value is above 1 (R/C > 1). Ratio > 1, or what is meant by the MSME processed agro-industry business ratio (R / C Ratio = 1.51) means that this business is profitable to run, with the average income obtained by this processed agro-industry industry in the production process / month of Rp. 4,607,012,- While the average level of business profitability ratio is 51.17%, this ratio describes the ability of MSME businesses to generate profits or profits from income received related to sales. the average monthly margin is 51.17% or 0.51. The average profit margin of 51% or 0.51 means that it is from the type of agro-industry product, where every sale of Rp. 1, - will generate a profit of Rp. 0.51 and this result is still classified as moderate. To increase or business is to reduce costs, because if costs are reduced then the percentage of profit margin will increase. Meanwhile, the added value of processing agro-industry is Rp. 234,208.22 per kilo gram, while the average value added ratio is 63.49% (above or > 50%) which means that the added value is high because the Value Added Ratio is > 50%. . This means that the MSME processed agro-industry business in East Lombok Regency has good prospects for development, To further increase business profits in the production process, things that can be done to increase business profit margins are to reduce costs, because if costs are reduced, the profit margin percentage will increase, such as the use of fuel, use of electricity, purchase of auxiliary materials. In addition, new innovations are needed in creating new products that are more attractive to consumers.

The purpose of the study was to analyze qualitatively about “Strategies to increase tourist visits during the Covid-19 pandemic era to the island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Especially regarding the implementation of the Motor GP at the Mandalika GP Motorcycle Circuit during the Covid Era at the Mandalika GP Motor Circuit, Kute Beach, Lombok Indonesia. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with secondary data and primary data obtained from the NTB Provincial Tourism Office and tourism actors by making an overview of strategies in increasing tourist visits to the island of Lombok during the Covid-19 pandemic. During the Covid-19 pandemic to increase tourist visits to NTB, the local government opened tourism areas into several clusters on the island of Lombok, such as the Senggigi area, the Sekotong area (West Lombok), the three dyke tours (Gili Trawangan, Gili Air and Gili Meno) in the North Lombok Regency area. Kute Mandalike Resort tour with Moto GP circuit on Kute beach, Central Lombok regency, Mount Rinjani tourist area in Sembalun, East Lombok district. The strategy for organizing Motor GP in Kute, Central Lombok by looking at several indicators, namely the tourism potential on the island of Lombok, especially the Kute Lombok beach by looking at the Strength (Strengt) supported by the beauty of natural charm and beach tourism with Baunyale culture, geographically very strategic and easy to reach, unique traditions and local community culture and high tolerance. Weaknesses, namely human resources are still low, management of tourist destinations, cultural centers have not been managed properly, and security and comfort are still not guaranteed. Opportunities, which are supported by advances in communication and information technology, the distance of tourist sites from downtown Mataram is easy to reach, and the distance of Lombok International Airport is easily accessible to tourist destinations. Weaknesses, namely low public awareness to maintain the tourism environment, the issue of the Covid-19 pandemic and the non-normality of land and air transportation routes, where tourism access for the Lombok island area is opened in certain areas, such as the Senggigi area, Kuta beach Lombok Tengah, Gili Trawangan, Gili Meno and Gili Air. Tourist visits during Covid-19 experienced a significant decrease (- 46.85%) of the total visits during 2020, especially foreign tourists and in 2021 the number of tourist visits to Lombok, especially West Nusa Tenggara experienced an increase until the percentage was positive to 6.25%. This is supported by the government's policy of opening flight routes for Java, Bali and West Nusa Tenggara and supported by the Super Bike Motor racing event. To improve the economy of the community affected by Covid-19, the regional government seeks to open tourist attractions for local tourist visitors in relatively safe locations while still implementing Health protocols (wearing masks, keeping distance and providing hand washing facilities) and developing cultural tourism. , religious tourism, culinary tourism and village tourism .

This examines pursuits to investigate recognition as a mediating variable at the impact of expertise on COVID-19 vaccine aim in Indonesia. The statistics for these studies have been accrued thru questionnaires from the human beings of Aceh. The pattern used is three hundred samples. Sampling changed into accomplished on this examine the use of purposive sampling. This study develops and checks a more than one regression evaluation to the vaccine aim the use of the prolonged hierarchical linear modeling. The results show that knowledge and awareness significantly affect COVID-19 vaccine intention; knowledge has an impact on awareness, and awareness mediates the impact of knowledge on COVID-19 vaccine intention. These findings indicate that to escalate COVID-19 vaccine intention, stakeholders must disseminate information to the public to increase knowledge and awareness. Hoax news circulating in the community is one of the reasons why people are reluctant to vaccinate against COVID-19.

The study analyzed the major component determinant attributes of airport service quality in Nigeria with a view to establishing the priority service quality attributes/factors which airport authorities in Nigeria should follow in improving airport service quality and utility derivable from consumption of airport services by airlines and passengers. Using the Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport (NAIA), Abuja and the Murtala Mohammed International Airport (MMIA), Lagos as case studies, the study employed questionnaire as a survey instrument to generate primary data used for the study. The survey instrument was calibrated to elicit responses from airlines staff and air passengers in the two airports on what service quality attributes among the five consolidated attributes of responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, empathy and assurance contribute significantly to their judgment about airport service quality in each airport in line with the SERVQUAL model. The principal component factor analysis (PCFA) was used to analyze the data obtained from the survey and the major significant determinant attributes of airport service quality where determined from the perspectives of both the airlines and air passengers as major consumers of airport services in Nigeria.

The emerging BRICS economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) are an important economic bloc for the global economy. Abundance of natural resources, cheap labor, permissive legislation are determining factors in attracting foreign direct investment flows. The growing number of multinationals and the growing desire of investors in developed countries to invest in the BRICS countries raise the issue of creating a legal framework for regulating financial reporting in line with international standards. The economic evolution of a nation is closely correlated with the customs, accounting and tax regulations, characteristics, nuances, values, practices, customs that have developed since the advent of the state. Without a preliminary analysis of these determinants, the task of understanding the accounting systems of the BRICS countries would be a difficult one to accomplish. The purpose of this article is to examine the accounting regulatory framework in the emerging BRICS economies, presenting the main regulatory acts governing accounting in the BRICS countries.

Considering the nature of tribal sentiments across Nigeria, this paper was designed to examine World Bank’s population estimates and projections for the years 2021 and 2050 in relation to Nigeria’s present ethno-linguistic problems. The examination, conducted by way of exploration using basic statistical techniques reveal a collection of consequences which if left unchecked may worsen insecurity challenges across Nigeria. The facts provide a basis to conclude that by the year 2050; 240,435,227 vulnerable Nigerians – of 29 years old or younger - must be saved from the effects of inadequate resources to provide their basic and essential needs. At least, governments at all levels must come together to ensure that this set of Nigerians are detrabilized from birth by way of a national policy permitting only inter-tribal marriages for the next 30 years.

This study aims to analyze the effect of brand image (CM) and service quality (KL) on positive word of mouth (WoM/ WOM) mediated by customer satisfaction (KP). The case study was conducted using a sample of 50 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Perbanas Institute Jakarta from the 2014/2015 to 2019/2020 batch. This research is a quantitative research using data analysis technique Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the analysis show that service quality has a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction. Service quality has no significant positive effect on WoM. Brand image has no significant negative effect on customer satisfaction. Brand image has no significant negative effect on positive WoM. Customer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on WoM. Service quality has a significant positive effect on WoM through the mediating variable of customer satisfaction. Brand image has an insignificant negative effect on WoM through the mediating variable of customer satisfaction.

Knowledge as an intangible asset is needed in companies such as the oil and gas to enhance the workers’ degree of responsiveness to market conditions. This relationship seems not play out in the foreign oil and gas companies operating in Nigeria. The knowledge hiding behaviour, distrust, rarity of innovative Nigerian workers and foreign workers’ dominance that characterise the industry seems to be undermining the knowledge transfer and employment essence of the Nigerian Local Content Act. Consequently, this study investigates the moderating effects of trust and collaboration on knowledge responsiveness and innovative work behaviour of Nigerian workers in the foreign oil and gas companies. The study adopts cross sectional survey design, proportionate stratified random sampling and simple random sampling techniques to collect data from the indigenous workers. The result of the regression analysis shows that trust and collaboration moderates the relationship between knowledge responsiveness and innovative work behaviour. Thus, the strength of the relationship between knowledge responsiveness and innovative work behaviour of Nigerian workers in these companies can be increased or decreased through trust building and participation in knowledge application. The scant literature and the cross-sectional nature of the data are the main limitations. However, the result of the study will help the managers understand the importance of trust building and involvement of indigenous workers in the achievement of innovative work behaviour.

This study was on port concession and ship turnaround time in Nigerian ports, with Apapa and Rivers ports as the focus. The survey research design was used. The respondents of this study consisted of customers who do business in the ports. The population of the study was one thousand, five hundred and forty seven (1,547) and sample size of four hundred (400) was selected using stratified sampling technique. Data were collected using a set of structured questionnaire. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically with arithmetic mean, multiple and simple regression analysis with the aid of E-view statistical package. Findings revealed that port concession had positive and significant effect on super-infrastructure and ship turn-around time among others. Hence, we concluded that port concession has positively and significantly affected the ship turnaround time in Nigerian Ports. Based on these findings, we recommend among others that port operators should as a matter of urgency restructure their operational activities to reflect their mandate of concession; Port operators should from time to restructure their operational sequence so as to further reduce the ship turn-around time; the port operators should adopt full utilization of Management Information System (Technological application); the port operators should endeavour to revise and simplify their operational operando so as to ensure that it captures and responds to customers’ values and aspirations on regular bases.

The context of writing this dissertation is that regional assets are an essential element in government administration, and regional assets must be appropriately managed in their utilization, efficiency, and effectiveness in planning and distribution. Regional assets are also the primary support for PAD, so local governments must control them. This study uses a unit of analysis at the organizational level, namely the SOPD of East Barito Regency and in the Regional Asset Management Sector with a total of 26 SOPD, each of which is 4 SOPD, except the Education Office and the Public Works Office. , respectively 10, and 10 sub-district 2. people. So the total population is 144 people. The technique used is a survey. In terms of research objectives, this type of research is explanatory research to analyze the causal relationship between the factors that affect the Effectiveness/Quality of MIS and Optimization of Asset Utilization. The approach used is quantitative. Measurement of indicator variables used using a Likert scale. The results showed that Legal audit, Asset Valuation, and HR Competence had a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness/quality of MIS. The better the legal audit, Asset Assessment, and HR Competency carried out by employees in managing regional assets, the higher the effectiveness of MIS, both for the quality of planning, procurement, administration, write-offs, and bookkeeping. Leadership commitment has no significant effect on the effectiveness/quality of MIS. The more substantial leadership commitment in asset management has not been able to impact increasing the effectiveness/quality of MIS. Legal Audit, Asset Valuation, HR Competence, Leadership Commitment, and Effectiveness/Quality of MIS have a positive and significant effect on Optimizing Asset Utilization.

The research aims to shed light on the ethics of information systems and their role in achieving banking excellence for a sample of private banks in the province of Baghdad. It is important to focus on studying the ethics of banking information systems, which has become one of the most important basic and strategic resources that banks rely on to achieve outstanding performance. Achieving banking leadership in the Iraqi banking market. The researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach to the research, and the questionnaire was considered as a main tool for collecting information in addition to personal interviews. The research reached the most important results that there is an acceptable correlation relationship between the ethics of information systems and banking excellence. There is also an effect of information systems ethics on banking excellence.

This paper wants to see the poverty problems and the causative factors in the Indonesian border region in the Nusa Tenggara Timur Province (NTT). The research method used by examining some literature and using quantitative descriptions with data sources is secondary data. The data obtained came from the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas. The research of border areas is Belu Regency, Timor Tengah Utara, Kupang Regency, Malaka Regency, and Alor Regency. From the data findings, the entire border region must get priority attention, especially in Malaka and Alor Regency. When comprehensively viewed from various aspects, the NTT Province has an excellent opportunity to get out of poverty. The geographic position of NTT as an international gateway for Eastern Indonesia has political and economic aspects that have strong selling points. Also, marine natural resources that have not been explored and have not been adequately managed have the potential to support the economy of NTT.

This research tried to answer the following questions: How is the influence of the Current ratio, Net Profit Margin, and Altman Z-score on textile and garment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2018? Based on the results of research and discussion presented in the previous chapter, the writer can draw some conclusions as follows: During the study period, the average variable Current Ratio (X1) for the period 2013 - 2018 from 13 companies, which amounted to 109%. Then the average net profit margin (X2) variable for the period 2013 - 2018 from 13 companies, which is -12%. Capital market investors need to know the company's ability to generate profits. Finally, the average Financial Distress (X3) variable assessed through the Altman Z-score for the period 2013 - 2018 from 13 companies, which is -0,176. Partially, CR (Current Ratio) has an effect of 29.1% on Financial Distress (FD), so it can be said to have a significant effect. NPM has an effect of only 0.3% on FD so that it can be said to have no significant impact. CR and NPM simultaneously have a significant influence on financial distress. This indicates that there are likely one or more variables that have an influence on the voluntary disclosure of companies in the textile industry sub-sector.

India's banking industry has expanded dramatically. The banking sector's success is critical to India's economic growth. Banks' efficiency, on the other hand, increases the amount of fraud they commit. Despite the numerous safeguards and rules in place to combat fraud, it continues to occur. The purpose of this article is to look at how many bank and sector frauds there are, as well as the impact they have on bank performance and the Indian economy. Punjab National Bank's ongoing scams were investigated. We used secondary data from reliable sources to conduct this research. The T-test, ratios, and percents were among the statistical methods used in this study. The findings show a change in the rate of fraud growth over the time period studied. According to the findings, more and more public sector banks are being targeted for financial fraud. In 2018, it was discovered that the Punjab National Bank had been the victim of a massive fraud. The bank's loans were of lower quality than they should have been after the fraud was discovered.

Consumers play an important role in increasing the growth of a company. That's because consumers act as the last service chain of products and services. Recently, consumers are increasingly paying attention to and incorporating sustainability images into purchasing decisions. Therefore, this research aims to examine and examine consumer perceptions and responses to retail e-commerce sustainability image. The sample used in this study was 129 respondents using the purposive sampling method. The sample used in this study are consumers who have purchased from e-commerce retailers in the last six months at least three times. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the structural equation model (SEM) method by using SmartPLS software. For further research, it is also possible to add and analyze additional factors that strengthen retail e-commerce’s sustainability image and influence purchase intention.

This study examines the financial performance factors that affect social responsibility disclosure. Financial performance is measured by financial ratios such as liquidity, financial leverage, and earning power. The population is a sector of infrastructure, utilities, and transportation listed on the IDX for 2014-2019. The sample selection procedure uses the purposive sampling method and then uses multiple linear regression analysis. Table 2 indicates that liquidity, financial leverage, and earning power affect the extent of disclosure of corporate social responsibility. Earning power variables affect firm value, but other variables do not affect it. Investors tend to pay attention to the company's ability to generate profits compared to other variables. Disclosure of corporate social responsibility is still seen as an effort to comply with regulations so that it does not have a direct positive impact on firm value.

Since motivation was found significantly positive with employee performance, there had been many findings indicating that competency and human resource development becoming essential in enhancing motivation and employee performance. However, few empirical studies had been conducted investigating how competency and development of the employee affecting the performance through motivation. Thus, the main objective of this study, by applying structural equation model (SEM) analysis, was to examine how motivation was intervening the influence of employee competency and development towards employee performance. Using the number of 128 respondents in the regional state drinking water company of Sleman regency, special region of Yogyakarta, it was found competency and development of the employee were positive significantly effecting both the motivation and the performance. The motivation was also significantly positive effecting employee performance. Further findings indicated that the competency indirectly effected employee performance at P value 0.055 and employee development effected indirectly on employee performance at P value 0.053 level of significancy.

Background: Police agencies around the world are facing an unprecedented challenge due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This challenge has a high complexity to carry out and to change the role of the police during a pandemic. Even though health workers are at the forefront of handling Covid-19, the police institution has a strategic role in assisting with responsive problems that arise in the community such as quarantine, travel restrictions, securing public health facilities, assisting the process of mass funerals due to Covid-19, and control the availability of vaccines and other essential medicines. Objective: This study aims to see the impact of the police institutions in the world through literature studies that have been published internationally regarding the impact of management strategies implemented by police institutions in accelerating the process of handling the Covid-19 pandemic in the world. Method: This research is a literature review study to see the management strategy carried out by the police agency in tackling the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was conducted by collecting articles through the search engines Google Scholar, Google, and Elsevier. The articles used are articles published a maximum of the last 5 years, then analysis and conclusions are drawn. Results and Conclusions: Police agencies around the world are facing an unprecedented challenge due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The ability of police institutions to review ongoing processes starting from strategy formulation, strategy implementation and strategy evaluation is strategic management carried out in order to direct and control strategic decisions between management functions in order to support the achievement of organizational goals and objectives. Based on the 20 articles reviewed, 13% of the articles stated that the police played a role in assisting in the implementation of social distancing, providing education related to Covid-19 by 19%, assisting in the implementation of health protocols by 6%, assisting in the implementation of large-scale social restrictions by 25%, patrolling to oversee the social distancing process by 6%, assisting in the distribution of aid for the affected community by 19%, providing or collecting information related to the development of Covid-19 to the community by 6%, and assisting in the vaccination process by 6%. All of the articles above show that police institutions in the world have a strategic role in participating in handling the Covid-19 pandemic in the world.

This research belongs to the type of explanatory research. The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern of the relationship between profitability, capital structure and firm value in real estate and property sector companies. The sample in this study are real estate and property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. the period 2016 - 2019. The data used in this study were obtained through www.idx.co.id and the websites of each real estate and property company listed on the IDX for the period 2016 - 2019. The sampling technique in this study used the purposive sampling method, namely the determination of the sample based on criteria including real estate and property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 period, not having negative equity and profits. The data analysis technique used in this study used the SEM-PLS method with SMART-PLS software. The results showed that NPM and ROA were able to measure profitability. DAR and DER are able to measure capital structure. PER and PBV are able to measure firm value. The results showed that all hypotheses were accepted, which means that profitability has a significant positive effect on firm value, profitability has a significant positive effect on capital structure, capital structure has a significant positive effect on firm value, capital structure can partially mediate the effect of profitability on firm value. Mediation test shows that capital structure is a mediating variable between profitability and firm value. Companies must be able to increase profitability so as to improve the capital structure which will increase the value of the company. Further research can discuss and discuss research on capital structure on firm value with various different indicators such as dividend yield, dividend payout ratio, and other indicators for the company's financial performance variables as well as increasing the research period so as to produce more representative results.

The aim of this article is to examine the relationship of the profitability, liquidity, solvability and activity on growth of stock price study on the LQ45 Index Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. From 2010 to 2019, this study used purposive sampling with 15 firms as a sample of LQ45 companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Multiple linear regression with random effects model was used as the analytical method. The result of the research showed that profitability has a positive effect and significant on growth of stock price, the liquidity ratio has a negative effect and not significant on growth of stock price, the solvability ratio has a negative effect and not significant on growth stock price, the activity ratio has a positive effect and significant on growth of stock price and profitability, liquidity, solvability and activity have simultaneously affect on growth of stock price

This study assessed the benefits and challenges of ICT in the Nigerian broadcasting sector. The data for this study was sourced secondarily from existing relevant literatures. The Diffusion of Innovation Theory was reviewed as the theoretical framework. The findings of this study revealed that ICT has been widely implemented in various broadcasting organisations across Nigeria such as AIT, NTA, Channels TV, Radio Nigeria, Cool FM, and Raypower FM. The benefits of ICTs in Nigeria brodacsting were found to include breaking time and distance barriers, improved output quality, digital access to information, instant feedbacks, and online cinemas. High cost of ICTs equipment acquisition and maintenance, the inability of the staff to perfectly handle the technological gadgets and power failure are the notable challenges facing these media organisations from fully adopting ICTs in their operations. This paper then implored the management of radio and television stations in Nigeria to set aside funds for provision of alternative electricity supply; organise workshops and trainings for their employees to effectively make use of the ICT resources towards achieving organisational goals.

Since 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has threatened public health worldwide, and caused drastic changes to work styles and work environments. With regard to work style, COVID-19 has accelerated the recent trend to work from home (WFH), studies are needed to identify workers productivity while working from home.This article aims to find out how workers productivity during Work From Home (WHF) in the Covid-19 era.This article uses a qualitative approach in the form of literature, using 24 literatures sourced from journals and the other sources about workers productivity during Work From Home (WFH) in covid-19 era from different sectors. Work-at-home will not become a widespread trend, but it can be used as a flexible work option in special cases that need to be examined more closely. Based on literature review it concluded that mostly their productivity on work decreases, especially when people work in the same location, they experience unplanned interactions. It is not easy to generate similar unplanned interactions on teleconferences. Finally, employees had fewer opportunities for coaching, and meeting directly with supervisors. This undoubtedly slowed their development of human capital. To leverage WFH productivity, organizations should focus to develop digital skills and work motivation as individual factor. The organizational and group antecedents should be aligned and directed to impact on WFH productivity.

This study aims to analyze and examine the effect of financial ratios on stock prices of companies with the Basic Industry and Chemicals sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 20156-2019 period. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The independent variables in this study are Current Ratio (CR), Total Assets Turnover (TAT), Debt to Equity (DER), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earning per Share (EPS). Then with the dependent variable Stock Price (Stock Price). The test in this study used Eviews 10. The results showed that the Current Ratio (CR) and Total Asset Turnover (TAT) had no significant effect. Meanwhile, Debt to Equity (DER). Return to Equity (ROE), and Earning per Share (EPS) have a significant effect on stock prices.

The study compared the alternative sources of funding for acquisition of operational service boats by boat operators in the Ogu-Ikpokiri-Okrika and Onne-Ikpokiri-Ogu Inland Water Transport (IWT) corridors in Rivers State Nigeria. This follows the need to resolve the inaccessibility problems faced by the inhabitants of the coastal communities in the use of IWT services. The study used a survey design and employed questionnaire and interview as survey instruments to generate primary data from boat operators along each IWT corridor. The questions were calibrated to elicit the responses of the sampled population of boat operators on each corridor on the sources of funding through which each individual acquired their operational boat. An aggregate of 40 boat operators responded to the survey question. The data obtained was analyzed by the use the Analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical tool and excel analytical software. It was found that individual private savings of the boat operators, funding from corporative societies to which the boat operators are members and hire-purchase lease arrangement were the most sources through which the operators funded the acquisition of their operational boats. Bank loans and governments grants were not readily available as major sources of funding to the boat operators. It was recommended that Government should take seriously the duty to ameliorate the transport challenges faced by the coastal communities in Rivers state by improving the funding of IWT development programmes in the state.

The study examines the significance effect of resource availability for adequate entrepreneurial education in higher institutions in Anamabra State. It is clear that the study has not being carried out in the geographical location under investigation based on the literature reviewed in this study. The research method applied is the research design, population sample and sampling techniques and mean score analysis of the results. The results show that the resources available for the entrepreneurial education studies are not significantly adequate for the higher or higher institutions. The results are recommended to the governments, non-governmental organizations and principal officer and higher authorities of the institutions (council members) for their knowledge and necessary actions that will optimize the entrepreneurial education systems in higher or higher institutions.

In this study trying to estimate volatility of returns of Dhaka stock exchange and compare volatility of overall periods and financial crises periods and trying to find out the best fitted model for DSE30 companies between two periods using symmetric GARCH model and asymmetric GARCH model. Time series analysis specially symmetric and asymmetric GARCH model has been conducted to estimate volatility, to find best fitted model and lastly comparing the results of DSE30 companies between two periods. After analysis finally results show that volatility for financial crisis period specially IDLC Finance Limited, IFAD Autos Limited, Pubali Bank Limited, The ACME Laboratories companies are extremely high and un stationary comparative to overall periods. So according to result say that DSE30 companies of financial crisis periods produces instability in the capital market, destabilizes the value of currency, as well as hampers international trade and finance.

Ride-sharing service is one of the emerging service sectors in our country. Nowadays, people are more aware of travel and getting food instantly at home. Most importantly the young generation is more users of the internet who are much interested in those services and the primary stakeholders’ ride-hailing companies. But customers are diversifying because of the existence of several companies in this field. So, in this paper, we aim to show how companies are attracting customers as well as their strategies of making superior profitability. The researchers believe that different factors are contributing to attracting customers. For conducting the research, exploratory and descriptive research design has been followed with a depth interview and survey method of data collection. A non-probability convenience and judgmental sample of 105 respondents are selected for conducting the survey. The survey findings indicate that most of the respondents are optimistic about the Ride -Sharing services in recent years. Moreover, in the case of ride-share service people who are interested in UBER and food delivery services people show their interest in PATHAO. According to the result, affordable pricing and on-time service are the two crucial factors the customers consider when choosing their brand. Thus, this study would be useful for companies in understanding users’ perceptions and improving their service quality by adopting new strategies.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the Performance of the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP). These factors are transformational leadership style (moderating variable), integrity, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A quantitative approach was used in the study, with primary data as the data source, which came from 92 questionnaires answered by APIP at the Main Inspectorate of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) Indonesia. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling. Hypothesis testing using smartPLS 3.3.7 software with technical analysis of Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Based on the research analysis, the conclusion that can be drawn is that APIP's performance is influenced by Work Experience and Integrity, but is not influenced by Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction. Furthermore, it was also found that the Transformational Leadership Style has not been able to moderate the effect of organizational commitment, work experience, integrity and job satisfaction on APIP's performance. Implications for the Main Inspectorate of BPS, to pay more attention to factors that can increase/decrease auditor performance, for example by increasing the auditor's organizational commitment, work experience, integrity and job satisfaction of employees, especially in terms of fairness, transparency and measurable rewards given to employees the most accomplished.

Information and communication technology (ICT) has become an inseparable entity in all aspects of human life, including education. In the Nigerian tertiary institutions, ICT has begun to have a presence but the impact has not been extensive. The transition of the world to digital media and information has increased the importance of ICT in education, and this importance will continue to grow and develop in the twenty-first century. ICT an essential component of today's world; it has transformed the educational system by replacing traditional ways of teaching and learning with modern, computer-based processes. This paper highlights the impact of ICT for quality education in Nigeria tertiary institutions. ICT has undoubtedly impacted the quality and quantity of teaching, learning, and research in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The paper further discussed the benefits of having ICT infrastructure such as e-learning/virtual library, access to quality education for learners with special needs in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The various constraints to ICT utilisation must receive prominent attention. The study concludes that government funding of ICT infrastructure, effective policy legislation, and execution and acquisition of appropriate skills are most important for ICT to continue playing its lofty role as a change agent to bring about quality education in Nigerian tertiary institutions.

The study sought to assess the relationship between derived claims ratio and financial performance of listed insurance companies in Nigerian, using six selected Nigerian Insurance companies as study cases. In the study, ex-post factor research design and data were collected from the companies` annual reports for the periods between 2011-2019, made available in the Nigerian Insurers Association Digest. Based on the analysis, the findings show that Net Claim, Net Premium, Expenses Ratio, and Risk-Based Capital have a significant effect on the financial performance of Insurance Companies in Nigeria. The study, therefore, concluded that the insurance companies should at all costs put in place strategies to ensure proper management of Net Claim, Net Premium, and Risk-Based Capital and entrust these in the hand of experts to yield the required results and also recommended, that the claim managers should work in cooperation with other sections of the insurer from the policy formation stage to its cessation. This will not only avert the payment of fraudulent claims but will promote the timely payment of genuine claims and increase the profitability of the firm through effective cost control.

The COVID-19 pandemic has hurt all economic sectors, especially physical services and fitness services are one of the affected. A solution is needed to solve the problems faced by fitness service providers; this community service activity is intended to help fitness service providers to get a business model that is per the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic. This research made three program arrangements to get the business model formulation: an educational webinar, a Group Discussion Forum, and a workshop. The three activities succeeded in producing an adaptive business model module based on the views of practitioners, academics, and observers. Thus, it is hoped that this business model can help fitness service providers to get out of more considerable losses.

The study examined the impact of exchange rate volatility on economic growth in ECOWAS countries. Specifically, the study sought to: determine the impact of exchange rate volatility on economic growth in ECOWAS countries and ascertain the impact of real effective exchange rate on economic growth in ECOWAS countries. This study made use of expost-facto research design Four countries were selected from Anglophone and Francophone countries. The study countries were Nigeria, Gambia, Mali and Burkina-feso. The time scope period of study was 2002 to 2021. The study has 20 annual years cut cross 4 selected ECOWAS member countries give 80 numbers of observations. The data was sourced from World Bank Database Indicators. Hausman test is further applied to determine the appropriate estimator between fixed and random effect. The data analytical techniques were panel generalized panel least square method for estimation of parameter. The empirical results of the study were as follows: Effective real exchange rate has negative and significant impact on economic growth in ECOWAS member countries (P-value (0.0003) < its significant value (0.05]. Exchange rate volatility has negative and significant impact on economic growth in ECOWAS member countries (P-value (0.0000) < its significant value (0.05]. This study concluded that exchange rate volatility has negative and significant impact on economic growth in ECOWAS member countries. The study recommended that government ECOWAS countries should start and sustain depreciation policy in ECOWAS currencies. This means that ECOWAS member countries should be extra careful when implementing exchange rate depreciation policies, because it may harm the GDP growth rate.

This study empirically assesses the effect of liquidity management on financial performance of selected manufacturing companies listed in Nigeria. Specifically, it intends to ascertain the effect of Debtors’ Collection Period on Return on Capital Employed (ROCE). It also intends to determine the effect of Debtors’ Collection Period on Return on Assets (ROA) of selected manufacturing companies. Secondary source of data collection was deployed leading to the adoption of the ex-post facto research design. A total of thirty nine (39) manufacturing companies quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange was purposively sampled, and extracts from their respective financial statements for the period of ten (10) years (2010-2019) were duly subjected to Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis using SPSS version 20.0. Findings obtained showed that Debtor’ Collection Period has significant but negative effect on the Return on Capital Employed of sampled manufacturing companies in Nigeria (p-value = 0.011 is less than 0.05; t-statistics = -.871). It was also discovered that Debtors’ Collection Period has significant but weak and negative effect on Return on Assets (ROA).of sampled manufacturing companies in Nigeria (p-value = 0.001 is less than 0.05; t-statistics = -0.426). The study thus concludes that financial performance of these firms is highly dependent on the level of the institutions’ liquidity. The study therefore recommends that increasing the volume of loans offered by the bank entails increasing their financial performance as this facilitates asset growth. Therefore firms should emphasis on asset growth as a stimulus to achieving improved financial performance and competitiveness. Also, Regulatory authorities that play oversight role over key macroeconomic activities in Nigeria should endeavour to secure a sustainable climate for financial activities that are readily in favour of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. This will serve as a booster to the financial performance of these firms, thereby creating growth in the economy.

COVID-19 quickly spread over the world, to the point that the World Health Organization designated it a worldwide pandemic. To reduce the risk of transmission of the COVID-19 virus, numerous nations implemented lockdown policies. President Joko Widodo announced the first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia on March 2, 2020 and chose to implement Large-Scale Social Restrictions (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar/PSBB) instead of the lockdown strategy. This restriction caused behavioral changes where people are getting used to doing almost all activities online. According to Mckinsey's report (2020), there has been a 7-year acceleration in digital product and service offerings. The decline in activities led to a decline in business and the most impacted business segment is MSME. Seeing the phenomenon has occurred, encouraged Bank Teman, through one of its business units, namely Teman Bisnis, to innovate by digitizing the banking process for SME customers by building the Digital SME Platform.

The Nigerian banking sector has in recent times experience upsurge in employee turnover as new employees are engaged immediately after disengaging the old ones; suggestive of the existence of knowledge management gap. This study investigates the empirical relationship between knowledge acquisition and conversion as dimensions of knowledge management and performance of banks. To resolve the empirical gap, primary data were generated by means of questionnaire administered on four hundred (400) bank employees drawn from five listed banks in Nigeria. Both simple and multiple regression models were formulated and tested after the diagnostic tests using Variance inflation factor confirms the suitability of such models. The result of the simple OLS model showed that knowledge acquisition and conversion were positively and significantly related to performance. The multiple linear model used to examine the statistical significance of the two variables on performance also showed positive and significant impact. The R2 in the multiple linear model was 91.85 percent. This study contributes to the scanty theoretical and empirical literature on knowledge management from the perspective of emerging African banking sector. The methodology provided quantifiable results that competitive advantage could be enhanced by implementing efficient knowledge management practices. The outcome of this study will be of interest to management of deposit money banks and regulators of financial services sector. By targeting policies that can leverage on intellectual assets, decrease in productivity and innovation, due to downsizing of organisation’s workforce can be avoided. Accordingly, study recommends the practice of knowledge acquisition and conversion by banks.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of the basic macroeconomic variable, namely aggregate expenditure, which consists of consumption (C), investment (I), government expenditure (G) and net exports (X & M) on economic growth (Y) and public welfare (HDI) in 10 provinces with the largest GRDP in Indonesia throughout 2015-2019. Using panel data regression, it is found that consumption, investment and net exports have a significant effect on HDI. It is also through path analysis, that all dependent variables have a direct effect on HDI, without going through the mediating variable, economic growth.

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to examine the relationship between employee’s perception of abusive leader and their employee’s job satisfaction. Second, to investigate the moderating role of extraversion on this relationship. Data were collected from 150 employee’s working at Rural Bank (BPR) in Surakarta, Indonesia through self-report questionnaires and online by google form. The finding of the study confirms that abusive leader is negatively related to subordinates job satisfaction. The study also reveals that extraversion moderated the relationship between abusive leader and subordinates’ job satisfaction.

This study critically evaluates the relevance of forensic accounting practices as effective repel to the prevalence of economic inefficiency and resource mismanagement in Nigeria. Specifically, it intends to examine whether professional opinions on the relationship between the deployment of Forensic investigative skills and the secure of economic efficiency in Nigeria significantly differ. It also intends to determine whether there is any significant relationship between forensic Accounting practice in public service and the efficient administration of public funds in Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted and the primary source of data collection through a 5-point Likert rating scale structured questionnaire used. A total of 380 professional members of ICAN and ANAN were purposively sampled and data responses obtained were duly analysesd using One Sample T-test analytical technique. Findings obtained showed that that a strong and positive relationship exist between the deployment of Forensic investigative skills and the secure of economic efficiency in Nigeria though significant difference persist in this Professional opinion. Also, there is a strong and positive significant relationship between forensic accounting practice in public service and the efficient administration of public funds in Nigeria. As a result, the study concludes that the application of forensic accounting practice in the Nigeria public sector will not only create sustainable blockades to corrupt activities but will also ensure optimum utilization of scarce financial and non financial resources, thus further smoothening the path to the crystal attainment and sustenance of economic efficiency. The study therefore recommends that an enabling environment void of insecurity and undue interference of the government be created in Nigeria to permit effortless practice of forensic accounting. The current move in the National Assembly to establish the Chartered Institute of Forensics and Certified Fraud Examiners of Nigeria (CIFCFEN) through a Bill awaiting passage into law is a welcome development. Also, services of Forensic Accountants should be employed to also closely co-monitor the maximisarion of voted funds towards ensuring that such funds are utilized for the intended purpose.

The study examined the impact of international trade on poverty reduction in Nigeria. The specific objectives are to: determine the impact of total import value on the poverty reduction in Nigeria; ascertain the impact of total export value on the poverty reduction in Nigeria and evaluate the impact of foreign direct investment on the poverty reduction in Nigeria. This study made use of ex post-facto research design, which enables us to measure the impact or relation between dependent variable and explanatory variables using time-series secondary data. These variables consist of poverty rate (POVERTY), Total Export value (TEV), Total Import value (TIV), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), trade openness (TRAOPEN), and Trade Tariff (TRADE) for a period of 1980 to 2019. Poverty rate (POVERTY) was sourced from World Bank Data Indicators. Total Export value (TEV), Total Import value (TIV), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Trade Tariff (TRADE) were sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) Statistical Bulletin 2019. The method of data analysis was Error Correction Model while Augmented Dickey-Fuller Unit Root test statistic, Johansen co-integration test, Heteroscedasticity White Test, Ramsey Reset, Jarque Bera, Breuch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test were test used in the study. The results of the study reveal that: total export value (TEV) has positive significant impact on poverty reduction since (t – statistics (6.0593) > critical value (1.684); total import value (TIV) has negative significant impact on poverty reduction since (t – statistics (-3.3968) > critical value (1.684); total import value has 79 percent positive significant impact on poverty reduction in Nigeria and foreign direct investment (FDI) has positive insignificant impact on poverty reduction since (t – statistics (0.2781) < critical value (1.684). The study recommends that the Nigeria government should sustain export diversification. Non-oil exports, especially agricultural sector, should be encouraged and concentration on oil sector export should be minimized.

The economic situation of a country is influenced by global uncertainty. Conflicts between countries, disasters, and pandemics can all contribute to global uncertainty. One of the causes of a country's economy faltering is global economic policy uncertainty and financial market volatility, particularly in countries that have not been as aggressive in adopting monetary policy. The purpose of this study is to look at how global economic turbulence and financial market volatility have affected the evolution of monetary policy in the ASEAN 3 countries of Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines. The focus of this study on global economic turbulence is on the sector of economic growth, interest rates, and global economic policy uncertainty. Financial market volatility, on the other hand, is concerned with topics like as the monetary aggregate, inflation, exchange rates (NER), and the volatility index (VIX). The monetary policy under consideration is linked to the exchange rate's stability. To see the accumulated response of the exchange rate due to the shock of economic uncertainty and financial market volatility, this study used the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) and Vector Autoregressive Panel (VAR-P) methods. Based on the results of the impulse response function (IRF) and variance decomposition (VD) and the results of discussions related to policy implementation in each country, namely Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand, in conclusion, it is necessary to optimize the monetary, macro prudential and payment system policy mix; maintain macroeconomic and financial system stability; and exchange rate stability and foreign exchange market intervention to achieve sustainable economic growth.

This study aims to analyze the determinants of the volatility of Ripple, DogeCoin, and the Rupiah exchange rate in Indonesia in the 2021 period. The analysis used in this study is VECM, with secondary data obtained from the website https://id.investing.com. The results of the analysis show that Ripple has a positive influence on the IDR/USD exchange rate in the long and short term. Meanwhile, in the volatility test with IRF Ripple has a value that tends to be unstable compared to the value of DogeCoin if it is used as an investment instrument. The VD test shows that all variables have a contribution to changes that occur in other variables.

Men, have tried to provide sufficiency and surplus through the request for loans. However, economic and political structures have hampered the realization of the initiatives towards borrowing. This paper has sought to examine the macro and definition of terms in order to make recommendations for more egalitarian societies.

This study aims to examine the effect of spiritual leadership on performance through organizational citizenship behavior as a mediating variable for employees of a boarding school cooperative (Kopontren) in East Java. The object of this research is Kopontren employees in East Java. The sample used is 120 people. Multistage sampling technique was used in this study to determine the expected sample. The first criterion that was determined to be taken as a sample was Kopontren which had an active status in East Java. Then, the second criterion is Kopontren which has the highest number of employees. The data analysis method uses path analysis. The results of this study state that four hypotheses are accepted, namely 1) spiritual leadership has a positive and significant effect on OCB, 2) spiritual leadership has a positive and significant effect on OCB, 3) OCB has an effect on employee performance, 4) spiritual leadership has an effect on employee performance through mediation. OCB.

This study aims to understand the level of financial knowledge and awareness of the coffee farmers and players in the Java Islands. A survey was conducted to understand the financial knowledge and awareness of those coffee farmers. Based on the data analysis, we can conclude that the financial knowledge and awareness of the coffee farmers and players in the Java Islands still must be improved. Stakeholders in the coffee industry can use this study to generate better strategies to improving smallholder coffee farmers' productivity. Moreover, it is also expected to contribute to the coffee industry knowledge. For future research, similar questions in this study can be used in more expansive areas of the population to understand better the coffee industry development in Indonesia.

ENFORCEMENT OF DOMESTIC AWARDS IN NIGERIA looks into the area of Debt Recovery by Lenders and Mortgage organizations in Nigeria. It evaluates the current practices and recommends several safeguards and options for lenders to ensure that unscrupulous individuals and companies do not renege on their responsibility to repay loans. The study looks into the nature of mortgage and loan agreements, as well as remedies available to the creditor such as the right to foreclose, take possession or liquidate any landed property used as a collateral in consideration for the loan. Using a qualitative research methodology, it provides a robust analysis of the Nigerian mortgage and lending system. It also identifies challenges of the Nigerian debt recovery industry which include insufficient regulation and supervision of the debt-collection industry, poor record-keeping and slow litigation process. It then concludes by proffering recommendations and solutions to the challenges.

E-commerce is an important infrastructure of the contemporary economy and society. It is a way to help businesses promote the development of domestic markets and participate in the global trade system, help improve their competitiveness and enhance their level of integration. Recently, in Vietnam, e-commerce has made a significant progress due to the great benefits that it brings about. However, many consumers and businesses have not seen the effectiveness that e-commerce has brought, so they have not paid much attention to it and have not promoted the its strengths as competitive edge. The article introduces the current situation of competitiveness of e-commerce in Vietnam in line with the opportunities and challenges in the current business context.

Unemployment is a major challenge facing the socio-economic life of most developing nations. It deters the development agenda, security of lives and properties, and peaceful co-existence of a nation. This study therefore investigated the causal relationship between unemployment and growth, with reference to Nigeria. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model was adopted, having subjected the data from World Bank Development Indicators and Central Bank of Nigeria online bulletin to stationarity test and Bound Test using Peasaran and Shin Bounds. The results from the analysis have shown that Nigeria has not fully harnessed its human resources as reflected in the high rate of unemployment, worsened by the outbreak of Coronavirus disease. This non-harnessing of human resources has negatively influenced economic growth of the country although, it is not a major determining factor of growth. The result further affirmed that unemployment rate exhibits a ripple effect, implying that unemployment of previous years lingers on for a long period of time and as a result increases the rate of unemployment of current and preceding years. Based on the strength of the findings, it was recommended that government and its relevant authorities should create enabling environment for business and foreign investment to strive, and also, reduce the cost of doing business so as to create employment opportunities and achieve a high, rapid and sustainable economic growth.

Relationship marketing is something that is needed in the context of Grameen's microfinance business model because people can be accepted as customers only if they follow the financing cycle. The first financing cycle starts with below 3 million IDR and goes bigger up until 50 million IDR. As the financing cycle increases, the acquisition cost tends to be static but the margin gets bigger. Therefore, one of the problems faced by the Bank is how to ensure customers can continue the financing into the next cycle. To follow up this problem, research is carried out to identify what factors influence repurchase intention of customers to go to the next cycle of financing, analyze its magnitude, and set them on priority scale so that Bank’s management is able to reduce dropout rate of customers of Tepat Financing. The research uses quantitative methods. The questionnaire uses a survey Typeform which is distributed to customers through Bank Daya Sharia field officers after the routine center meetings are held. The customer fills out an independent survey from the link shared by the officer. The research sample is 190 active customers in the MMS Lab Bank Daya Syariah. From the respondents data obtained and then processed with the PLS-SEM method, it is found that the factor of customer satisfaction has the biggest influence on the repurchase intention then followed by the factor of switching cost. The venture’s performance and the perceived CSR can not be shown to have an influence on the repurchase intention of customers.

This study aims 1) to find out how to analyze and find out the Farmer's Exchange Rate (NTP) for rice for 10 years in East Java, 2) to analyze the welfare level of rice farmers in East Java, and 3) to find out the strategy for increasing the exchange rate of rice farmers in East Java. . Among them by calculating the exchange rate of farmers to determine the level of welfare of rice farmers in East Java and analyzing the strategy of increasing the exchange rate of rice farmers in East Java. The location of the research was determined by a method of determining the location of the research which was determined intentionally based on geographical considerations of East Java Province which is one of the main pillars of the economy in East Java, especially in food crop commodities, namely rice. This study uses secondary data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of East Java Province. The sample was selected by purposive random sampling as many as 10 stakeholders to collect opinions on strategies to increase rice FTT in East Java. The data analysis method used is analysis with the mathematical formula NTP = IT/IBx100, the NTP indicator with criteria ntp>100 has a surplus, ntp=100 breaks even, ntp<100 has a deficit and the SWOT analysis method. The results showed that the exchange rate of rice farmers for 10 years averaged 104.07% with an It value of 127.52 and Ib of 122.32. This shows that the welfare level of rice farmers for 10 years is experiencing a surplus or prosperity even though it fluctuates every year. In the strategy of increasing the exchange rate between farmers and rice farmers with the SWOT method, an aggressive strategy is a very profitable situation.

This paper basically achieving the evidence that design thinking has a greater impact to any organizations to gain competitive advantages and remain relevant in the market. Design and design thinking have been known as creating valuable contributions to business and management.

The intricate link between covid-19 and non-financial performance was examined in this paper. It aims to add to the existing empirical literature on covid-19 impact on the performance of the hospitality industry. However, it focuses on the non-financial performances proxied by service delivery and customer care service. The study applied multiple regression techniques to examine the 121 data generated with the aid of the questionnaire. Results revealed the absence of multicollinearity, having minimum and maximum values of 0.4409 and 0.7207, respectively. Empirical results show that covid-19 and fear drive non-financial performance. Impliedly, hotel management spends more money providing quality service delivery and customer care service to provide securities for their guest and combat and control covid-19 infectious within the hotel, which affects profitability. The study recommends that the government should wake up to her responsibility to provide security to protect the lives and properties of her citizen than shift it to the hospitality industries.

This study aims to examine the effect of organizational culture, work discipline, and human relations with organizational commitment as a mediating variable on the performance of UIN KHAS Jember lecturers. The population of this research is all lecturers of UIN khas Jember totaling 298 lecturers with sampling techniqueProportionate Stratified Random Sampling. This study uses a questionnaire distributed to lecturers via a google form. Data analysis method using SmartPLS. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture variables affect organizational performance and commitment, work discipline affects organizational performance and commitment, human relations affect organizational performance and commitment, and organizational commitment affects lecturer performance at UIN KHAS Jember.

This study aims to examine the effect of interpersonal communication and intrinsic motivation by mediating job satisfaction on the teacher's performance at the State Elementary School of Jati Probolinggo. The object of this research is all teachers at the State Elementary School Jati Probolinggo City. This study uses a google form questionnaire, with a population of 52 teachers at the Jati Probolinggo State Elementary School. The sampling technique in this study uses saturated sampling or census, where all members of the population can be used as samples. Data analysis method using SmartPLS. The results of this study state that five hypotheses are accepted and two hypotheses are rejected, namely interpersonal communication has no significant effect on teacher job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation has a significant effect on teacher job satisfaction, interpersonal communication has a significant effect on teacher performance, intrinsic motivation has a significant effect on teacher performance, job satisfaction work has a significant effect on teacher performance, interpersonal communication does not significantly affect teacher performance through job satisfaction and intrinsic motivation significantly affects teacher performance through job satisfaction.

The rules of origin (ROO‘s) play a pivotal role in managing global trade operations, as they are considered the main pillar on which countries depend on determining the origin of industrial products, especially when we find the participation of several countries in the manufacture of a single industrial product, Several studies have focused on the impact of rules of origin (ROO‘s) in international trade, where companies are obliged to constantly develop their means of innovation to ensure their sustainability, but few of them have addressed the impact of ROO‘s in the GVC, the latter which remains an important component of the configuration of the economy, in this context, this literature review aims to investigate and complete thorough the few studies whose main subject is the relationship between ROO ‘s & GVCs, to analyse the extent to which ROOs 's can strengthen integration into GVCs, and subsequently discuss the prospects.

Until mid-2021, Bank XYZ Syariah not yet has banking services through electronic channels. Due to customer requests, plus the pandemic conditions that limit out-of-branch service, the bank decided to make mobile and internet banking which the bank plan to release at the end of 2021. Before implementing the plan, Bank XYZ Syariah needs to ensure that the investment decisions taken will provide positive financial results for the company in the long term. A study was conducted with two types of tests, a feasibility study using the method of capital budgeting analysis and sensitivity analysis to obtain a clear projection of the financial performance for the next five years. The study results show that the Net Present Value indicator returns positive. The Internal Rate of Return exceeds the Cost of Capital value. The cash flow is projected to return positive in the third year after the investment. In the next step in sensitivity analysis, the calculation identifies four financial factors that are the most sensitive in influencing the financial condition of the project: operating expenses to operating income, effective margin rate, average balance from new customers, and the financing-to-deposit ratio. These four factors have the lowest tolerance level, so it needs special attention from the management to be kept as close as possible to the initial assumptions so that the project's financial condition remains positive. By considering the two test methods, the conclusion that can be drawn is that the mobile and internet banking projects are feasible to continue. Bank XYZ Syariah also needs to set targets for new customers and their average balance and measure pirate metrics related to product effectiveness in customer activation and retention.

ASEAN is a geopolitical organization in the Southeast Asian region that aims to increase economic growth, social and cultural development, promote peace and stability in political conditions at the regional level. With their potential and resources, ASEAN countries are included in the top 20 investment host countries. During the 1998 monetary crisis, ASEAN countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines (ASEAN 4) received a significant impact. Drastic corrections in currency exchange rates, significantly affected socio-political conditions, led to a decline in the amount of foreign direct investment and portfolio investment that flows into these countries. Various government and central bank policies in maintaining the ease of investment for investor countries have made the ASEAN 4 economy recover quickly as widely known of Miracle of Asia. After the Global Imbalance due to the subprime mortgage in the United States in 2008, ASEAN 4 countries were affected but not as significant as the economic crisis in 1998. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exchange rates, foreign direct investment, and portfolio investment in ASEAN 4 countries after the crisis in the global imbalance phenomenon. The variables used in this research are economic growth, exchange rate, FDI and Portfolio Investment. The method used is fixed effect regression model. The results obtained are the high value of FDI capital inflows to ASEAN 4 countries and a maintained exchange rate that can restore economic recovery which is proxied by rapid economic growth even in conditions of global imbalances.