The objectives of the study to find out the types of feedback are often used by the EFL Teachers on their students’ writing. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected by questionnaire. The result of the study found that six types of feedback often used by the EFL teachers in their students’ writing, they are:

• Explicit correction

• Recasts

• Clarification requests

• Metalinguistic feedback

• Elicitation

• Repetition

Most types of feedback are used but not as often as both types of feedback, namely explicit correction and recast.

This paper is a socialist feminist reading of Sembene Ousmane’s God’s Bits of Wood. It focuses on the symbolic allocation of space to both masculine and feminine genders. It seeks to answer these two questions: How are masculinities and femininities represented in the novel and what effect does this representation has on men? What kind of women’s images does Ousmane promulgate in this novel? It is observed that the author deconstructs both male and female stereotypes and creates a kind of collectivism. The narrative demonstrates how individual people and the society in general respond to historical forces and how the same historical forces shape them. Ousmane relates the events during the strike from the point of view of the workers and in the exercise, he raises fundamental questions. He examines the role of various institutions, classes, people and individuals in a people’s struggle. The workers are shown to be moving from a point of passivity to active participation in the making and shaping of history. They have an objective historical optimism; and this one reposes on what they consider as the inevitable victory of the ongoing struggle for social change. There is emphasis on collectivism by an excessive use of the words ‘masses and ‘crowd’. In the crowd, female and male characters complement one another and thus lend dynamism and vitality to the workers’ movement. Prior to the strike, the women are expected to be subservient to their providing and dominant husbands, with exclusively domestic roles consisting of cooking, cleaning and caring for the children. As a result of the strike and subsequent famine, women are forced to shift their traditional roles in order to provide food for their families. Men and women work hand in hand until their demands are met. They share space in recreating their history and shaping their destiny, contrary to the traditional public-domestic divide. The strike makes women realize that they are able and leaves them transformed and empowered to engage into their own liberation as a class, as well as that of the society at large. The way masculinities and femininities are portrayed has effect on the men. The latter are no longer domineering; they work side by side with women for the advancement of their society. Power relations are neutralized.

This reseach aimed at examining the influence of entrepreneurship competence of school leader in dimensions of innovative, creative, commitment, courage takes risk and team building to motivation and performance of SMK teachers in Soppeng regency through direct and indirect influence. The research hypothesis is that there is a direct and indirect effect either partially or simultaneously on the dimensions of innovativeness, creativity, commitment, courage to take risks and building a team of principals’ entrepreneurship competence on the motivation and performance of vocational school teachers in Soppeng Regency. This research is quantitative research with a correlational design through the survey method. The sampling technique is probability sampling with a total sample of 280 people spread over ten vocational schools in Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The variables in this study are the innovative dimension (X1), creative dimension (X2), commitment dimension (X3), risk-taking dimension (X4), team building dimension (X5), teacher motivation (Y) and teacher performance (Z). Technique of data analysis used was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Amos 24 application. The results showed a partial hypothesis test that the dimensions of innovativeness, creativity, commitment, risk taking and building a team of principals’ entrepreneurship competence had a significant direct and indirect effect on teacher performance. The dimensions of innovativeness, creativity, commitment, courage to take risks and building a team of principals’ entrepreneurship competencies have a significant direct effect on teacher motivation. Teacher motivation has a significant effect on teacher performance. Simultaneously the dimensions of innovation, creativity, commitment, courage to take risks and building a team of principals’ entrepreneurship competence have a positive and significant effect on teacher motivation. The dimensions of innovativeness, creativity, commitment, courage to take risks, building a team of principals' entrepreneurship competence and teacher motivation simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance. The implication of the research is that if the coaching on the entrepreneurship competence of school principals is successfully carried out, it will have an impact on the high motivation and performance of teachers.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the EFL lecturers' perceptions of interpersonal communication EFL lecturers in an Indonesian EFL class. To gather information on the teachers' perceptions toward interpersonal communication of EFL lecturers within three research subjects in an Indonesian private campus context, the study employs two types of data collection procedures, namely (1) observation and (2) interview. The findings of the study reveal that there are significant differences in the way lecturers perceive interpersonal communication in Indonesia's EFL classroom and that these differences have an impact on the implementation of interpersonal communication in the EFL classroom context. There are three categories of lecturers based on their perception of interpersonal communication and their classroom teaching practices: highly perceive interpersonal communication (HPIC), moderately perceive interpersonal communication (MPIC), lowly perceive interpersonal communication (LPIC) (LPIC). Clearly, the more positive the lecturers' attitudes toward interpersonal communication are, the better their performance in the Indonesian EFL classroom. Using this research, we hope to contribute to a better scientific understanding of the interpersonal communication of EFL lecturers on private Indonesian university campuses.

It is very important for a teacher is to have the minimum required competencies in accordance with the Indonesian state law regarding teachers and lecturers, namely: pedagogic, personality, social and professional competencies. One of the efforts to improve these competencies is through training. The training carried out has the aim of developing teachers' self, skills and knowledge. However, until now there has not been a specific model in implementing teacher training. The training model that integrates Islamic and Pancasila moral values as a form of implementing a character curriculum becomes the urgency of this model so it must be implemented and used. This study uses the research and development method of the ADDIE model with the aim of improving teacher competence. The data analysis techniques used are: validity, (2) practicality, and (3) effectiveness. The results showed that (1) the PGBM model was designed and developed to improve the personality and social competence of teachers, (2) the PGBM model was designed using an adult learning strategy (andragogy strategy), (3) the tools used were specially designed in an attractive manner by integrating islamic moral values and Pancasila. Thus, based on the research results, the teacher training model by integrating moral values (PGBM Model) and the training tools used have met all the valid, practical and effective criteria.

Pāli is an Indo-Aryan language that was devised specially to transcribe in the third century BCE the oral preaching of Gautama Buddha (who lived in the sixth-fifth centuries BCE) in Lumbini, Shakya Republic (present-day Nepal). Pāli is not so much an artificial language as a language adapted to the particular discourse it tries to transcribe and derived from probably several closely related other Indo-Aryan languages with Sanskrit being kept in the background all the time. Pāli has the originality not to be attached to a writing system so that it can be written with any of the writing systems in use in the Indian subcontinent and in Southeast Asia, including, in more recent times, the Latin writing system extended for some diacritic elements. We have to understand Buddhism is a particular development of old Sanskrit classic Vedas with the declared ambition to differentiate itself from the various trends and branches of Vedic and ascetic preaching that produced Hinduism. The main difference is the refusal of any godlike creator of the universe. Will study here the fundamental role of the four participles, the absolutive and the infinitive in the building of this predicatory discourse. The four participles are adjectival or nominal non-finite verbal forms predicatively expanding either noun phrases or verbal phrases with four possible forms and values: The past participle of an action seen as fully completed is an adjectival expansion of a noun phrase. The active past participle is an adjectival expansion of a noun phrase seen as the agent of an action that has been fully completed. The present participle is an adjectival expansion of a noun phrase with an action that is seen in progress, hence partly completed and partly virtual.The future passive participle is an adjectival form expanding a noun phrase with an action that should, must, or could be done with the contradiction between the injunctive or optative modalization and the passive completion attached to a noun phrase which is the virtual actant who should, must or could carry this completed passive value. The absolutive (at times called gerund) is a non-finite form that expresses an action or state that, at the time of utterance, has been completed, has been credited to the main actant of the main clause of the utterance or the general situation conveyed by the utterance, and whose completion and merit-crediting to the main actant make the action of the main clause of the utterance possible, and without which this very action is not possible. The infinitive is a simple non-finite verbal expansion of the main clause of the utterance attached to one particular actant of this main clause or to its verb to which it is subservient. It expresses the action in its fullness, though with various values in the sentences as for virtual completion, partial completion, or total completion.What kind of mapping of the inner time of these non-finite forms can we see and how can the passive/active and injunctive/optative dimensions be integrated? Are we in langue, or are we in discourse? Is such predicatory discourse dealing with time, both universe and inner times, the same way as any reporting discourse?

The profit of an organization (institution) and the realization of benefits often depend on the job performance of employees. With the intensification of global competition and the accompanying factors such as institutional restructuring and organizational change, organizations (institutions) can not only rely on economic contracts and institutional contracts to motivate employees to ensure the sustainable development. Psychological contract play an increasingly important role in job performance management and employee incentive. From the perspective of psychological contract, this paper analyzes the relationship between psychological contract and job performance management, and then puts forward the performance management model and related strategies based on psychological contract, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the management of organizations (Institutions).

Looting typically stands for mass riots and civil unrest resulting in shop lensing. However, we can in a fruitful manner broaden the concept to include the management of embezzlement in the state. It is not the same as corruption. And it drives dictatorships.

In current digitalized era electronic media has very responsible roles in society. An old common perception regarding the role of media was to keep informed, aware and act as a source of entertain has now changed. Rather in the last couple of decade media has taken up a role of watch dog on government, mirror of the society and a window to the global world. The research is carry through to find out the effect of media on the perception building of common citizen. There have been numerous studies over the impact of media and its impact on socio-psychological issues. However, this study is an effort to establish the linkage between electronic media and its impact on audience on major social and current issues. For the conceptual understanding study takes notes from primitive works of Aristotle on senses and modern theories of psychology, sociology and communication. Theories on opinion making, agenda setting and priming are discussed in a sequential manner. It provides a platform to the researchers to review past research works to find the answers. Findings reveal the actual relationship of electronic media and perception of the audience. It also validates the hypothesis developed by the researchers.

International migration and remittances are the most important factors affecting economic development and poverty reduction because remittances to hometowns become the main source of capital for local economic activities, in order to generate income and smooth consumption. On the other hand, this capital is also for the household’s direct consumption, improving the living conditions of families, as well as favourably impacting on poverty reduction in the least developed countries. This study of the impact of migration from Champasak province, Lao PDR to the Kingdom of Thailand aims to 1) identify and investigate the causes of worker migration to the Kingdom of Thailand, and 2) consider the impact of such worker migration on Lao household income and expenditure in households where migrant workers remit monies to families in Champasak and Phonthong Districts. This study consisted of 366 households including 248 migration households and 118 non-migration households, selected through stratified random sampling. Household heads responded to questionnaires November to December, 2014. The result shows the reasons for Lao migration worker to the Kingdom of Thailand were: unemployment, higher wage in Thailand, seeking new experiences and household’s lack of basic need. Migration to the Kingdom of Thailand had positive effects on the house hold incomes. This research found that Lao worker migration to the Kingdom of Thailand resulted in positive effect on household incomes in Champasak District with remittances causing incomes to increase 59.12 percent: however, expenditure was negatively impacted with level of significance at 0.05. The effect on expenditure in Phonthong District was positive. It takes 33.88 percentages with level of significance at 0.1. In summary, research results indicate that international worker migration and consequent remittances can increase household incomes while reducing poverty in rural areas. Hence it seems that, under Lao labour laws, a public sector policy should promote the practical skills and legal worker migration should be a taken into consideration.